Whatever They Told You About Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

Whatever They Told You About Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why If there wasn't any medical answer, then the individual would die. Nobody else can write your private history the way you are able to. If it's possible to write a book, and achieve your target, then you've come to be a more interesting and accomplished person in the procedure. Therefore the goal must be expressed with a very clear expectation of the time in your life the moment it happens. No matter the sort of mistakes you make, you're a success. No matter the quantity of time needed to finish, you're a success. Get people interested in what you need to say, and they'll be more interested in buying your book. If you like writing, and you believe you've got an idea that people are likely to be considering reading about, maybe it's time for you to think about writing, publishing, and selling your own e-books for profit. Most individuals do from time to time. If you are in need of a community of people to talk about your ideas with, there are groups online and locally you're able to join. Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History Help! Although writing a critique term paper may give you a tough time as it really isn't the presentation of private expression but needs a comprehensive research of the topic you've picked. An essay is the simplest type of academic writing. Buying a pre-written essay is ridiculous and you want to never will need to do that. Writing an essay for history isn't necessarily the exact same as it could be for an English. After you get some ideas down on paper, you could be surprised by what you need to say about a subject. Once you have a topic, you've got to make a determination best buy essay regarding what way you have to approach it. The topic chosen for the purpose needs to be attractive in the perspective of several readers. The genuine writing is just a little portion of. After all, the very last thing you wish to do is publish a book which is filled with mistakes that might have easily been corrected. Learn which blog articles you're clicking, what all stuff you're reading for hours without knowing. There are a lot of good and bad examples out there on what things to write and the way to tell a story. A History essay is a part of written work in response to a specific question or. You may not understand how to commence an argumentative essay. If you wish to compose a really intriguing history essay, be certain to pick a superior topic. Now, it has become rather hard to discover affordable history essays and papers online. It is possible to also record your thoughts and thoughts as audio files. Many titles for the content Alternative titles for a specific content may help you focus the content in far better way. The toughest part is always just getting what you wish to say back on paper. Our cheap custom made essay wide selection of cheap always. A goal you hate the idea of doing isn't really a goal, it's a have to do. The problem I seem to be facing is that I have begun to think that what I do to aid others really won't help reduce the suffering of my fellow man. A Secret Weapon for Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History On the website, there's a section titled All About Me. Your title ought to be creative, as it ought to stick out among thousands and thousands of different titles. Developing a record of milestones is much like keeping a journal, except it has an inclination to be added to less frequently. My Family History Family history is essential to a person.

Understanding the Relation Between Judaism and Christianity

Being educated Christian means knowing the overall aspects of Christianity. There are many aspects of Christianity that roots back to Judaism Both historically and theologically; Christianity shares a tie with Judaism. It is undeniable that historically Christianity roots back to Judaism. And theologically, it shares the same divine god and its early preaching. The customs and traditions that early Christians followed were mostly Jewish traditions. However, over the time, both religions grew up to the animosity towards each other. Observing the animosity, there has been many incidents where Jews and Christians have not tolerated each other. Therefore, understanding Judaism is essential to learn the holistic nature and history of the†¦show more content†¦The Ten Commandments are the holy instruction by the god. God inscribed them on two tablets, which he gave to Moses. The Ten Commandants are the sole duty that Jews and Christians follow even in the present day. Christians fo llow the Commandments that Jews followed for centuries because of the same divine god, and the religions being derived and concurrently practiced at the same period of time. In order to understand the early history of Christianity understanding Judaism as a culture is necessary. Without the knowledge of the early history of the Judaism being educated Christian is not possible. The customs that Christians follow in the early days of Christianity is very similar to the customs of Judaism. For example, they baptized newborn, which even in present day churches; Christians baptize their newborn. Similarly, they also followed other Jewish traditions like â€Å"The lord’s Supper†, also followed the Mosaic laws and circumcision of the male children. In the early days of Christianity, Jews tolerated the Jewish Christians. The Jewish Christians were viewed as one of the sect of the Judaism. Therefore, Christians understanding the Judaism helps better understanding of the existen ce of the religion. The prayers in the church closely resembles to the prayers in the Synagogue. Both claim that the Lord is the savior of the humanity and mankind is prone to sin. In both the religions, it is believed that the human must repent forShow MoreRelatedDifferences Between Christianity And Islam1152 Words   |  5 PagesCommonalities, Differences, and Consequences Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are among the best known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most influential forces in human history. 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Fundamental arguments about religion believe it is both an effect of gender inequality and the cause of gender inequality. The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary

Strategic Planning Is Planning Of Objectives-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategic Planning Is Planning Of Objectives? Answer: Introduction Strategic planning is the planning of the objectives for a firm and the direction the firm takes to attain these objectives(Alkhafaji, 2013). Strategic planning involves creation, implementation and evaluation of the various strategies that a firm makes in order to achieve its goals and objective. Strategic planning has been an important management tool since a very long time. However, there has been a constant debate about the relevance and effectiveness of strategic planning in view of constant changes and uncertain future(Bryson, et al., 2009). In the wake of changing dynamics of modern business and changing technology, this debate has become fierce. However, majority of thinkers believe that uncertain future and change is the main reason why strategic planning is necessary(Alkhafaji, 2013). The following essay argues in favour of strategic planning and tries to give persuasive reasoning why strategic planning is not a waste of time considering the pace of change. Strategic Planning- not a waste of time Strategic planning is considered to be the central line for management and governance of a company(Bryson, et al., 2009). It is argued that, strategic planning provides a purpose to an organisation and its employees. Moreover, those in favour of strategic planning point out that, without planning there will be chaos and confusion which will spell doom for an organisation(Berry, 2007). However, certain researchers and academicians feel that there is no clear evidence about relevance or irrelevance of strategic planning Furthermore, it is debated that, due to the unpredictability of future and rapid and dynamic business changes, strategic planning is a waste of time. However, some academicians also point out that firms which plan for the future based on the expected future outcomes have more chances of being successful Due to a revolution in information and communication technology, business scenarios have undergone a rapid change(Alkhafaji, 2013). Production and marketing methods have changed and are continuously changing. On the surface level due to changing methods and practices of business, planning seems a futile activity. A sudden invention or innovation may change the whole shape of business functioning, leading to irrelevance of whatever planning that has been done(Spee Jarzabkowski, 2011). Hence, it is believed that senior management should utilize ideas to manage customer wants on a frequent basis rather than going for long term plans(Berry, 2007). Therefore, the centre point of the argument against strategic planning is that planning does not help in finding solution to the events evoked by rapidly changing business environment. However, contrary to the above arguments there is still evidence that despite the mammoth changes hitting the business world on frequent basis, strategic planning is still an important process in business management(Alkhafaji, 2013). Strategic planning, it is argued, gives a basis to the organisational vision. Strategic planning is relevant even in the time of change(Berry, 2007). Only through planning, reflection and analysis a firm can decide to invest its resources. Without strategic planning a firm will not be able to respond to change as it wouldnt know how to respond or what action to take(Berry, 2007). Planning gives guidance to the management and workers which helps them in taking adequate action; given a sudden situation. It is argued that, change renders strategic planning useless(Alkhafaji, 2013). However, on closer inspection it can be said that, strategic planning builds the alignment of the organisation effectively. Through planning the firm can understand the change and react to them by making necessary amendments in the overall plan. Strategic planning also assists in communicating action plans on a daily or monthly basis to the workforce (Dwyer, 2013). Due to the process of strategic planning the entire workforce of an organisation becomes aware of their purpose and the reason of actions taken by the management. Plans are not made by firm to be followed rigidly(Spee Jarzabkowski, 2011). They can be altered as and when required. In face of a change the firm can realign itself and its objectives and change its plans to suit the changed process. However, not making any plan at all will render the firm goal less. The employees wont know what action to take and even during a drastic change they will not be in a position to manage the organisation(Alkhafaji, 2013). In absence of strategic planning, there will be chaos and ultimately the organisation will fail. Therefore, even during a business situation change the firm needs proper strategic planning of the future course of action. Strategic planning brings about transparency(Berry, 2007). Due to strategic planning all departments know what others are doing and act in a synchronised manner. In absence of strategic planning there will not be coherence between various departments and they will not be able to take a planned and cohesive action to achieve the organisational goal. Strategic planning also helps in forming proper workable relationship with stakeholders(Alkhafaji, 2013). Even if change occurs, stakeholders will try to stick with the organisation if relationship has been built through effective planning. Additionally, stakeholders will also feel more secure if the organisation has structured plans of goal achievement which involves them as per their areas and expresses. For example, a plan of a future contract with a supplier will make him feel secure about his future business. Even if a change occurs the organisation can have a clause in the contract to make allowance for a certain change. However, a lack of plan can breed insecurity in stakeholders regarding their own future with the organisation(Alkhafaji, 2013). Therefore, strategic planning is also important for stakeholder relationship. The most relevant argument which is given against the strategic planning process is that future is uncertain and sudden changes may affect the organisation and render the plan ineffective. However, the organisation is not faced with drastic changes all the time(Alkhafaji, 2013). Most of the time small business changes affect the firm. Planning helps in adapting to change. Furthermore, a good strategic plan has a window to adapt to change and make necessary amendments to contend with it(Alkhafaji, 2013). However, without strategic planning the basic functioning of the organisation will be hampered. The organisation would not have a purpose(Berry, 2007). It would not have a road map for performance and even if a positive change occurs, the firm will not be able to respond to it. To cite and example in support of the argument, suppose a sudden shift in demand pattern occurs which affects a firms sales revenue and impacts the objective of sales volume achievement which it has set for itself. In absence of a proper plan, the management wouldnt know how to handle this situation. Without prior strategic planning there would not be any proper resource allocation to make any adjustment. There wouldnt be any objectives which could be altered to react to the situation (Alkhafaji, 2013). However, if the firm has planned its finances, marketing and human resource policies effectively, it can make small amendments in the plan and realign resources to change certain product features to meet the change in demand. Similarly, if a competitor changes price or comes out with a product innovation which affects the demand of the product of the firm, the firm can make changes in its plans, adapt to the requirements and respond to the competitors action(Alkhafaji, 2013). However, if there is no plan and the firm is running on day to day basis by responding to daily needs in an unplanned manner, the workforce will not get proper instructions regarding wheat actions to be taken in view of the competitors policy change(Alkhafaji, 2013). Therefore, to manage change a firm needs adequate strategic planning so that it can communicate regarding realignment of resources to the stakeholders and employees. Those against strategic planning use the unpredictability of future as a bottom-line of their argument and say that, as changes cannot be predicted; strategic planning is a waste of time(Alkhafaji, 2013). However, this argument speaks of a laid back attitude and belief in fate. This argument holds for letting the future happen and not making it happen(Bryson, et al., 2009). It is a matter of fact that without planning, action cannot be taken. In other words any action taken without planning can be suicidal for the organisation(Bryson, et al., 2009). An unplanned respace to change can lead to undesired outcome. For example, if the firm reacts to a demand shift without planning the next action, the firm may face rejection from the customers. Future is uncertain and ridden with unpredictable changes(Alkhafaji, 2013). However, strategic planning based on scientific forecasts and projections can help safeguard the organisation in the face of imminent changes. Strategic planning is about being proactive while lack of strategic planning is being reactive. Future cannot be foreseen but forecasts can be made regarding changing market conditions based on the present trends. Extreme drastic changes are rare. Most changes can be predicted to a great degree of accuracy by reflection and application of management principles(Alkhafaji, 2013). However, in case of a drastic change no plan will work but one should not stop planning because a drastic change may befall the organisation. Basic aim of strategic planning is to give a purpose and a direction to the organisation(Alkhafaji, 2013). For example, a certain sales outcome can be an objective. Even if changes occur the firm will still be able to achieve near figure of the projected figure of the sales outcome that it had planned. However, in absence of strategic planning there will be no direction. The employees will be working on daily instructions and there will be no serious thoughts given to any goals(Alkhafaji, 2013). In this scenario even if a change occurs the firm may buckle down and may not be able to respond accurately. In the view of changing business scenarios those companies which do not have strong foundation made by the tools of strategic planning will not be able to survive for long in the field(Alkhafaji, 2013). Customer choices have become complex and demanding. Therefore, a proper understanding of consumer behaviour is required(Alkhafaji, 2013). This understanding can only be brought about through strategic planning. A good plan which focuses on solid goals and creates proper policies can help in understanding the customer needs. Companies can only survive if they focus on goal achievement and make adaptable plans to achieve the goals. Focus of the organisation on the goal can be created through proper strategic planning as strategic planning gives a purpose to the organisation. Purposeless organisation will not be able to focus and hence will not be able to react to changes(Alkhafaji, 2013). Therefore, such a firm will not be able to survive in the changing times of business. Proper strategic planning will help in understanding market conditions, customer segments, product preferences and other important aspects of business. Strategic planning also helps to understand the competitor. Lack of strategic planning will cause an organisation to function in isolation due to which it will not be able to understand the changes when they occur(Alkhafaji, 2013). Strategic planning gives a proper direction to the business and helps in creating goals for achievement in near or long term future. It also helps in giving vision and purpose to a business even in the time of change (Berry, 2007). Consequently, such firms will not be able to respond to change. Therefore, strategic planning is very important and essential for business in changing market conditions. Conclusion Strategic planning is considered to be useless by some thinker. However, strategic planning is important to formulate goals and objectives. Changes can also be forecast based on scientific measures of trend projection and plans can be altered based on changes. However, an organisation without strategic planning will be purposeless and will not be able to respond to the changing demands of business. Therefore, strategic planning is not a waste of time but need of a business to sustain itself in the ever-changing business world. References Alkhafaji, A., (2013) Strategic Management: Formulation, Implementation, and Control in a Dynamic Environment. New York: Routledge. Berry, F., (2007) Strategic Planning as a Tool for Managing Organizational Chan. International Journal of Public Administration, 30(3), pp. 331-346. Bryson, J., Crosby, B. Bryson, J., (2009) Understanding strategic planning and the formulation and implementation of strategic plans as a way of knowing: The contributions of actor-network theory. International public management journal, 12(2), pp. 172-2007. Dwyer, J., (2013) Communication for Business and the Professions, Strategies and Skills,. 5th ed. Melbourne: Pearson Education Austrilia. Spee, A. Jarzabkowski, P., (2011) Strategic planning as communicative process. Organization Studies, 32(9), pp. 1217-1245.

Witness Testimony an Example by

Witness Testimony Health and welfare stability is an important aspect for the society as this concern the humanitarian value of each individual. This aspect is viewed to be one of the basic necessity of the people thus, the government must fully satisfy this need through providing quality healthcare service for the people. As part of the governments approach of providing reliable health institution for the society, the lawmaking body and the senate committee has drafted and implemented certain legal policies to advance the healthcare field and develop the service institution that will address this subject. One of the product of those policies is the establishment of the Medicare health system. Need essay sample on "Witness Testimony" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The Medicare healthcare system is implemented to address the need for health and welfare stability of the society encompassing the different age bracket primarily the elderly sector. The Medicare system main objectives are basically to provide sustainable financial assistance and quality healthcare services for the common people through soliciting minimal portion of their income and the contribution of the corporations or business entity they are involved with as an employee or worker. Part also of the assistance program is the offering of loan options for individual to finance his or her needs for healthcare services. In general, the effects and values of the Medicare program is in the assistance it offers to the healthcare finances of people reflected in the reduction of the medication bills, hospital expenses, and payment for medical services. Indeed, this approach of the Medicare program has proved to be an effective government aid for the healthcare needs of the society. However, in the present, recent study and critical analysis led and reported by Ms. Mary Grealy have divulges controversial informations regarding the deteriorating value and effect of the Medicare program to address the health assistance need of the people. An example, of this is the unequal allocation of the payment resources for the healthcare expenses of most patients. Because the Medicare program requires the medical institution to reduce the payment for healthcare services, most professional in this field just extract more from the patients portion just to suffice for the reduction requirement. Thus, the assistance objective of the said program is not being implemented ideally and as planned in the present thus, resulting still to a high financial burden for the people for their healthcare needs. Thus, to maintain the primary objective of the Medicare assistance program, Ms Grealy has proposed an amendment to strengthen and improve the said program. This strengthening approach requires creating new policies and reviewing the previous ones to augment the purpose and implementation of the Medicare health program. Some of the mentioned approach in Grealys report is the development of an educational program to enhance the awareness about the Medicare system and the needed reform for the improvement and redevelopment of the model used for the programs implementation. This approach for strengthening the Medicare program is mainly towards the objective of making the system more competitive against other private health insurance, which are obviously more expensive. Indeed, the proposal of Ms. Grealy is mainly towards giving the society a better choice with lighter financial burden to assist their healthcare needs and medical services. Healthcare assistance program is important for the society as this offers the people particularly those who direly in need of financial subsidy for them to avail medical and healthcare services. This program gives the society a reliable and stable assistance system for them to count for their lifetime healthcare financial necessities. Because of this significance, it is indeed important to strengthen and improvise this program for it to fully satisfy its main ideal objective. If implemented, this will greatly affect the welfare provision for the people through the unyielding and improved participation of the government with their policy legislation and implementation improvement for the benefit for the society. Bibliography Frenzen, Paul D. (1996). The Medicare and Medicaid programs in rural America: A profile of program beneficiaries and health care providers. Economic Research Service, Rural Economy Division. ASIN: B0006QHRDQ. Ms. Grealy, Mary, President of Healthcare Leadership Council (2003). Strengthening and Improving Medicare.The House Committee on Energy and Commerce. Prepared Witness Testimony. Kingson, Eric R. & Berkowitz, Edward D. (1993). Social Security and Medicare: A Policy Primer. Auburn House. ISBN-10: 0865692009.

MOTIVATION THEORIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS Essay Example

MOTIVATION THEORIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS Essay Example MOTIVATION THEORIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS Essay MOTIVATION THEORIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS Essay Running Head: MOTIVATION THEORIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS Motivation Theories and Personality Traits DeVry University Psychology: 110 November 27, 2013 MOTIVATION THEORIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS 1. Take a look at the material on sensation seeking on page 286 (Ch. 11). Do you consider yourself a sensation seeker? Why or why not? What are the advantages and disadvantages of your level of sensation seeking? After reviewing the material in the textbook and answering all the questions on sensation seeking I find that I am not a sensation seeker. I say this for many reasons such as I like things to remain orderly nd calm. Typically, I would rather be around the same group of people with the same interests rather than a wild crowd and I am not adept to trying new things such as white water rafting or Jumping out of an airplane. Advantages to being a non- sensation seeker are that I can get things done without distractions or being to high- strung. For instance if I had an office Job that required mostly sitting down at a computer all day I would not be trying to Jump out of my seat all day or having the boredom effect. Disadvantages of being a non-sensation seeker would prevent me rom trying new and exciting things that could very well enhance my personality and increase my happiness level. 2. How would you rate your own achievement motivation? Why? In what ways is this an advantage to you? In what ways is it a disadvantage? I would rate my own achievement motivation as responsibility because I prefer being, in my view in control for a task so that I can feel fulfilled when a Job is properly performed (Carpenter 294). Also, it is gratifying to know that someone can put forth to you such a task knowing that you are capable of completing it successfully. That to me is an advantage in itself. Not to mention completing such tasks can earn you higher positions in employment. I also find myself to have intrinsic (Carpenter 297). I say this for the reason when I complete a tasks or project with success I really get a sense of happiness with myself. For example when my grade was a 90% and I brought it up to a 92% I was really happy with myself for improving that grade. A disadvantage to this is that you can get ahead of yourself and become a little big headed which in turn can make others think of you in a not so good way uch as (stuck up). In the employment field that is last thing you really want to have happen if you want that peaceful environment. 3. What did you learn about yourself from reading about the trait theories of personality? Reading about the trait theories was a great experience and I found that you can remember them as O. C. E. A. N. which stands for Openness to Experience/lntellect, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Nonetheless, I really learned more about myself by taking the Big Five Personality Test which relates to the readings. I found that I cored the highest on Neuroticism which means I am usually an anxious person and tend to worry about things too much and in reality that is very true; however, there is one aspect that I do like and that is that I am very well-organized and reliable and have been told that often by friends and family members. While Neuroticism can be hindering it can be fixed to a point with different methods such as counseling (having someone to talk to), simple psychiatric medications, or even meditation like yoga etc Just because you are high in one category does not mean it has to be permanent. I also learned that Neuroticism is not typically what is wanted when choosing mates/ partners; however, having some control over this factor could help although in my personal relationship it can be hindering at times and puts pressure on the relationship. 4. What did you learn about yourself from reading the other theories of personality? (List and explain at least three things. ) I would have to say the first thing I learned about reading about the other trait theories is that opposites do attract. I say this because my spouse and I are completely different in all aspects. Where I worry and am anxious all the time, he is cool, calm, and collective. I think his calmness helps with me being so high-strung. However, although he never says anything Im sure it does put some stress on him by wondering if I am o. k. in the long-run of things. The second thing I learned about myself takes me back to the discussion board this week. I feel the one that suits me best is the Bio-psychosocial theory which includes MasloWs hierarchy of needs. Lower needs must be met before moving on to the higher needs. Its like I mentioned sometimes I get so wrapped up n looking for employment and delving into my schoolwork Ill put off things like eating Just to finish an assignment or an application. However, all the theories are just as important as the next. It really Just depends on which one suits you the best. The third thing is all of the theories seem to build on each other and I can find a little of myself in each one. For instance, with the Social-cognitive Theories you have self- efficacy where one is adept of generating preferred outcomes, such as learning new abilities and accomplishing individual objectives (Carpenter 326). I would say this relates to me personally by furthering my education to build my future career and as for the individual objectives I am always setting the bar high as with my grades and being a successful student. 5. How will you use this material on personality to improve your relationships (personal and/or professional)? In truth I feel I can use the and to be able to assess situations in a new light. Moreover, there are things that I can work on internally that will benefit my relationships with others such as the worrying too much; which puts stress on a relationship; my relationship. Professionally, I can work on getting out there more and try to be more social so to benefit the type of work I would like to do instead of dream of doing. Being social is not really my forte I am a to myself nervous individual so by changing this it would benefit me in the long-run in the career field of Information Technology since it deals with a lot of diverse individuals. This is the career that I really want and would love to be doing. References Carpenter, Siri. Visualizing Psychology, 3rd Edition. John Wiley Sons, 02/2013. VitalBook file.

Learn About the Von Thunen Model

Learn About the Von Thunen Model The Von Thunen model of agricultural land use (also called location theory) was created by the farmer, landowner, and amateur economist Johann Heinrich Von Thunen (1783–1850) in 1826 in a book called The Isolated State, but it wasnt translated into English until 1966. Von Thunens model was created before industrialization and is based on the following limiting assumptions: The city is located centrally within an Isolated State that is self-sufficient and has no external influences.The Isolated State is surrounded by an unoccupied wilderness.The land of the State is completely flat and has no rivers or mountains to interrupt the terrain.The soil quality and climate are consistent throughout the State.Farmers in the Isolated State transport their own goods to market via oxcart, across the land, directly to the central city. Therefore, there are no roads.Farmers act to maximize profits. In an Isolated State with the foregoing statements being true, Von Thunen hypothesized that a pattern of rings around the city would develop based on land cost and transportation cost.   The Four Rings Dairying and intensive farming occur in the ring closest to the city. Because vegetables, fruit, milk, and other dairy products must get to market quickly, they would be produced close to the city. (Remember, people didnt have refrigerated oxcarts!) The first ring of land is also more expensive, so the ag products would have to be highly valuable ones and the rate of return maximized. Timber and firewood would be produced for fuel and building materials in the second zone. Before industrialization (and coal power), wood was a very important fuel for heating and cooking. Wood is very heavy and difficult to transport, so it is located as close to the city as possible. The third zone consists of extensive field crops such as grains for bread. Because grains last longer than dairy products and are much lighter than fuel, reducing transport costs, they can be located farther from the city. Ranching is located in the final ring surrounding the central city. Animals can be raised far from the city because they are self-transporting. Animals can walk to the central city for sale or for butchering. Beyond the fourth ring lies the unoccupied wilderness, which is too great a distance from the central city for any type of agricultural product because the amount earned for the product doesnt justify the expenses of producing it after transportation to the city is factored in. What the Model Can Tell Us Even though the Von Thunen model was created in a time before factories, highways, and even railroads, it is still an important model in geography. The Von Thunen model is an excellent illustration of the balance between land cost and transportation costs. As one gets closer to a city, the price of land increases. The farmers of the Isolated State balance the cost of transportation, land, and profit and produce the most cost-effective product for market. Of course, in the real world, things dont happen as they would in a model.

Compare and contrast two Middle Eastern civil wars, such as Lebanon, Essay

Compare and contrast two Middle Eastern civil wars, such as Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, or Libya - Essay Example Through associate degree analysis of various cultural constructions, the conflict that passed off throughout the war has helped in Lebanon’s healing method (Horowitz 2008, 217). In Syria, President Bashar Al- Assad took power in the year 2000 immediately after the death of his father Hafez that had dominated Syria right from 1970. President Assad hastily dotted hopes of political reforms, as the power remained targeted within the ruling family, and therefore the system of one party gave few avenues for political opposition. With lack of nonviolent transfer of leadership since the Fifties, amendments will only happen solely through a military coup or a well-liked struggle. This report, will explain the similarities and differences of the civil wars in Lebanon and Syrian states in the Middle East and their roles in bringing political reforms in the respective nations. The vicious loop of enhanced sectarian attitude, escalating sadism and out of doors support has up to now, prevented any serious attempts to resolve the conflict between the war-ridden factions in the Syrian nation (Leenders & Heydemann 2012, 142). The government and the opponent deny one another as conflict partners in an exceedingly competitive struggle however regard each other a vital enemy to tumble or destroy. Anassessmentof Lebanon provided that sectarian as well as ethnic identities had changed into settled markers for violence and thrown the nation into a destructive war (Sambanis 2004, 823). The main issue is if a power-sharing approach that resembles the one efficiently employed in Lebanon can be suitable in making sure the war in Syria is ended. Opponents to the idea the application of the Lebanon model to Syria argue that the two nations that are characterized by social compositions of a sectarian nature have administrative arrangements that are incommensurable (Ghosn & Khoury 2011, 381). The area is the foundation of the three most

Employment plan coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employment plan - Coursework Example I have always dreamt of working at a construction company like Terna. Terna is known for its projects, its highly qualified personnel and the work opportunities that it gives to young engineers. I hope that the demonstration of my skills and experience are suitable for the junior civil engineer position. Task 2: My SWOT Analysis for my Continuing Professional Development (CPD) In no more than 400 words critically appraise your current position using the SWOT analysis framework. Strengths a) My University degree is in Civil Engineering and I was among top five performers. b) I have relevant experience - I spent three months at a construction site in Saudi Arabia. c) I have good knowledge of project management. d) I am able to demonstrate team working and time management skills. I was managing a small team of workers at the construction site in Saudi Arabia. Weaknesses a) Although I have basic knowledge of AutoCAD, I am still not considered an experienced user. I currently attend seminars for improving my knowledge in AutoCAD. b) I do not speak Arabic. Speaking Arabic can be advantage since a civil engineer has to communicate in Arabic with the workers. I would consider learning Arabic prior to obtaining the position. Opportunities a) There is a shortage at a national level for engineers wanting to live and work in Saudi Arabia. Experienced engineers do not want to leave their families and migrate and young engineers do not possess relevant experience. b) Our country is famous for the large construction projects that its construction companies take over all around the world. In addition, University programs prepare top quality engineers. c) There are also many... I am aware that Terna looks for candidates that have a basic experience at this kind of projects and gives a particular emphasis on team working skills, time and project management. During my university years I attended a module called Project Management which enabled me to study the requirements of a construction project. In addition, I attended two free choice modules concerning team working and time management and two seminars dealing with these issues. The project in Middle East gave me the opportunity to practice these skills since I was part of a large construction team and as one of the chief engineer assistants I was responsible for a small number of workers. I have always dreamt of working at a construction company like Terna. Terna is known for its projects, its highly qualified personnel and the work opportunities that it gives to young engineers. I hope that the demonstration of my skills and experience are suitable for the junior civil engineer position. a) There is a shortage at a national level for engineers wanting to live and work in Saudi Arabia. Experienced engineers do not want to leave their families and migrate and young engineers do not possess relevant experience. a) Global economic crisis has a negative effect on construction projects esp

The Process of Canonization Essay Example for Free

The Process of Canonization Essay The canonization process has existed in Catholicfor centuries. This process is steeped with history, as well as tradition, and rewards people for their unwavering commitment and faith to Catholicism. The process is long, arduous, expensive, and eventually requires authorization from the highest of Catholic officials. This paper will review the history, requirements, and financial expenses involved in the process of canonization into sainthood. History Saints are human, like us, but they personify divine power and have privileged contact with the supernatural. Saints perform miracles, receive visions, and are in love with the spirit. They truly are â€Å"the chosen few† (Dunn-Mascetti, 1994). As Catholics we refer to saints as people who are extremely holy; living their lives as perfect Christians, thus allowing them the right to serve God, on a personal level, in heaven (Schreck, 2004). Canonization is the process in which the pope declares a deceased constituent of the faithful is projected as a model and intercessor to the Christian principles and recognized as a saint due to living their life in a heroic manner or becoming a martyr because of their continued faith to God (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). This persons name is then inducted into the canon of saints, citing those who are to be given veneration universally into the church. Canonization is an earthly decision, meaning it honors them as a saint on earth, not their entry into heaven (Bunson, M. , Bunson S. Bunson, M. , 1998). According to Molinari O’Donnell (2000), canonization originated during the early formulation of the Christian doctrines of worship, invocation, and intercession. The faithful believed that martyrs were true Christians and saints because they made the supreme sacrifice, by giving their lives, for God, the Gospel, and the good of the church. Their suffering earned them ete rnal life. Toward the end of the great Roman persecutions, the veneration of martyrs was extended to confessors, those who defended and suffered for their faith, but did not die doing so. Those confessors who had been excellent Christians, in austerity and penance, were now eligible to be rewarded with sainthood (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). â€Å"The first formal canonization came in year 993, when Pope John XV raised Ulric of Augsburg to the altars during a synod at the Lateran Basilica†. As you will see, the qualifications for canonization in the later years became more stringent after previous inductees were found to be of imperfect sanctity (Bunson et al, 1998, p. 17). Requirements The process for canonization is divided into two phases; diocesan and Roman, or apostolic. When a person dies, and it is determined they lived a perfect and holy Christian life, a formal process for canonization is initiated. In the diocesan phase, the investigation is guided by the procedural law of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, by the diocesan bishop who formally conducts the process where the candidate died. A cause defined as â€Å"recent† is one where the person’s eligibility for sainthood can be corroborated through the disposition of eye-witnesses, and can only begin after a five years following the death of the candidate. A cause defined as â€Å"ancient† is where the evidence of virtues or martyrdom can be gathered only from written sources, subsequently, there is no time limit for this cause (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). The postulator, a person approved by the bishop and responsible for the presentation of evidence for authenticity, also agrees to bear the moral and financial expense of the cause. Their primary job is to supervise the investigation and to determine the candidate’s fitness for canonization, by researching their life, work, and holiness. After the diocesan phase is complete, the postulator will reside in Rome where he will develop the formal argument for canonization with the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, which is comprised of cardinals and bishops. During this time, the postulator will create a Positio, a book containing an account of the candidate’s life and virtue (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). In the diocesan phase, information, both positive and negative, on the candidate’s life, work, and holiness are collected and documented to establish the validity for the petition to canonize. In order for the nominee to advance to the next step, their published writings will be submitted for approval to two theological censors, selected by the bishop, and will be graded on doctrine and moral teachings. Other writings from the candidate will then presented to a historical commission, also selected by the bishop, which will conclude this particular phase. Evidence must clearly show that the candidate lived a life of faith, hope and charity beyond that of a common Christian (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). The Roman, or postolic, phase commences when the acts of the diocesan process have been turned over to the Congregation for the causes of Saints, and they have declared the cause as â€Å"valid†. At this point a â€Å"relator†, an official of the Congregation, will be appointed and will assist in the creation of the Positio. Another official of the Congregation, known as the â€Å"promoter of faith†, will be accountable for the assessment of the cau se by historical and theological consultants to whom the Positio may be submitted for their endorsement. At last, all of this information is submitted to the Congregation for the causes of Saints, who will then forward it to the pope upon their endorsement. If the pope determines the candidate as suitable for canonization, a Bull of Canonization is issued, infallibly affirming the candidate’s perfection of the saint’s life and distinguishing their role as a divine intercessor; thus becoming a saint (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). Even through the long, demanding process involving in-depth research, historical study, and theological manifestation, the decision to canonize lies solely with the pope, and requires a confirmation from God in the way of two miracles, which is scrutinized heavily by the Congregation. Miracles are a product of divine intervention and reinforce the candidate’s holiness as a servant of God. Martyrs are exempt from this miracle requirement because the act of sacrificing one’s life is viewed as the perfection of charity; they need not prove their worthiness in miracles (Molinari O’Donnell, 2000). Financial Expense The tremendously long hours of interviews, research, travel, and other intangibles make the canonization process an exhaustive event. The thoroughness of the process comes at a steep price. After sainthood is declared, the expenses include paintings representing the new saint which is given to the pope, cardinals, and other officials of the Congregation for the causes of Saints. Other expenses include decorations of the Basilica, Pontifical Mass, Sacred Vestments, and incidental expenses that make for a sizeable bill to the postulator of the cause. For example the final expenses for the canonization by Saint Leo XIII of Saint Anthony Maria Zaccaria and Saint Peter Fourier came to the total of 221,849. 10 Italian lira. When we convert that to the U. S. dollar, the total becomes $42,816. 87 (Beccari, 1907). Conclusion Canonization has long been a tradition in Catholicism that goes all the way back to year 993. The process is a thorough procedure that involves intensive investigation of a nominee and standard they maintained in their Christian and personal life. The requirements are tightly scrutinized, and for good reason, due to the nature of the appointment to saint. A saint is in personal contact with God in heaven; we worship and pray to them. We rely, trust, and place our faith in the pope and Congregation to make the right decision, to allow only the most deserving and most holy to be rewarded with the highest honor the church can bestow upon a human being. The cost is great, but the return on the investment is heavenly.

Epic of Beowulf Essay -- Epic of Beowulf Essays

The Lead of Beowulf Huy Ngo   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beowulf displays the qualities of a good leader that were mentioned in the speech given by Hrothgar. The speech speaking of the vices and virtues of great political leaders contains many of the same qualities that Beowulf embodies. His boastfulness, generosity and kindness are evidence that he is a good leader and provides for his people. Although the qualities he posses may not be the best-fit qualities of a common man, they are admirable qualities of a strong leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beowulf’s high self-regard acts as a promise to his people. It is a promise saying that he will provide for them and he can keep his country in order and away from harm. Because Beowulf speaks very highly of himself he is required to support his claims and give to the people. Hrothgar claims that flaunting is a way to keep the Geats happy because they believe what he says. â€Å"I will stand by my word make good my promises. To your Geat-friends now will make you come with counsel courage for their hearts through long comfort years†(1706). The Geats need someone to believe in and who would believe in someone with low self-esteem or someone who didn’t believe in themselves. The people need assurance and they found that assurance in Beowulf. Beowulf reassures his people that the Dragon will be dealt with and gives them courage to withstand this threat. â€Å" I lived in my youth through hard war-moments--- now here I am ready battle weary king battered with winters for final glory-time if that grim hall burner will come to meet me from his mound of gold† (pg. 81). Beowulf wants to reassure his people that he can once again succeed in defeating his enemies. The people believe that Beowulf will succeed again. Beowulf’s obligations to the people require him to slay the dragon. Beowulf’s self centeredness is what makes him an ideal leader in the eyes of Hrothgar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another reason Beowulf is seen as a good leader is because he does not share the characteristics that were spoken of Heremod. Heremod was portrayed as a bad leader due to his murderous attitude and actions. The vices of Heremod characterize a bad leader and Hrothgar points them out like in his treatment of the Danes. Not so kind was Heremod to the kin of Ecwela care heavy Shield Danes—he brought them no joy but baleful murder ... ...y of your strength lasts for a while but not long after Sickness or spear point will sever you from life. (1762-64) †¦or bane-bearing age – the brightness of your eye will dim and darken. (1767-68) Hrothgar predicts that Beowulf’s pride would be his demise and he was correct because Beowulf chooses to fight the dragon alone in his older years. Beowulf is no longer in his prime and he knows he will not be around forever and hopes to make a final â€Å"score† and let the people live out the rest of their days wealthy and without worry. But Beowulf still wants to fight the beast alone. â€Å"Our old gift lord meant to manage this monster hot battle alone once again with his great wonder strength armed with a war name earned through a lifetime forged now with deeds† (2642-46). Beowulf is not fighting these monsters because he believes he is a god but because he wishes to carry out a promise he gave long ago to his people. His only desire is to make the Geats happy. Beowulf risks his life for his people. He was the apitamy of great kings and was dedicated to his country and people. His promise to the people and his devotion, generosity and kindness are the reasons he is Hrothgar’s ideal leader.

Comparison assessment beetween Miss Trunchbull and Mrs Honey Essay

In ‘Matilda’ the director clearly shows the contrast between Miss Trunchbull and Miss Honey. Even though they share the same job occupation their characteristics contrast entirely. For example the behaviour of the two teachers is unalike. The director uses a range of techniques to convey this. Roald Dahl chooses the teachers name specifically to reflect that character. This sets up an expectation, to the audience, of the character’s role and personality in the film. Miss Trunchbull’s name can be dispersed into two words. ‘Trunch’ can be associated with the word ‘Truncheon’. A violent, harmful, dominant weapon as a result the audience may interpret her as a violent person and sets up an expectation of her character. ‘Bull’ is an animal that behaves aggressively. It loses its temper easily and is very strong and dominant. This reflects on Miss Trunchbull’s character and leaves the audience a source to judge upon w hat role she plays in the film. However this is not the case with Miss Honey. The connotations associated with her name are totally opposite to that of Miss Trunchbull. ‘Honey’ is a sweet substance and is taken as a treat; therefore her name has connotations of sweet and delightful. Others may interpret her as a pushover. Normally you relate kind, sweet people as pushovers because they don’t have the confidence to stand up for themselves The actor that plays Miss Honey clearly displays Miss Honey’s behaviour, so that it contrasts to the Behaviour of Miss Trunchbull. Miss Honey’s behaviour is nervous and timid and is conveyed in her acting. It is conveyed by her fumbling her fingers and staring at the floor. When Miss Honey walks into Miss Trunchbull’s office her body language is discrete. She looks at the floor and fumbles her fingers indicating that she is uncomfortable and doesn’t feel welcome. The audience observe that she is the less dominant because of her displayed body language. Others may interpret her body language as scared and afraid of Miss Trunchbull. Miss Honey’s head down may indicate that she is trying to hide from Miss Trunchbull and feels intimidated by her. Unlike Miss Honey, Miss Trunchbull’s behaviour is intimidating and mean. It is shown through many key ways such as her gait, posture and speech. When Miss Honey comes to speak to her on behalf of Matilda, her posture is a critical way that she shows the audience that this is her territory. She rolled back shoulders and straight masculine arms with shut legs shows that she is confident. In  comparison with Miss Honey there is a big difference. Straight arms compared to fumbling fingers shows a clear contrast in their confident. Miss Trunchbull’s speech is a key conductor of her mean, intimidating behaviour.

Du Pont Case

The Lally School of Management & Technology Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Rev. June 28, 2006 DuPont’s Biomax ®: The Push for Commercial Applications Biomax ®, a polyester material that can be recycled or decomposed, holds up under normal commercial conditions for a time period established in the product specifications.The material itself can be made into fibers, films, or resins and is suitable for countless agricultural, industrial, and consumer products: mulch containers, mulching film, seed mats, plant pots, disposable eating utensils, blister packs, yard waste bags, parts of disposable diapers, blown bottles, injection molded products, coated paper products, and many, many others. In the United State alone, where the average household creates over three tons of disposable waste each year, the number of potential applications for Biomax ® is immense.Its development represents a potentially huge business for DuPont and an important solution to the mounting problem o f solid waste in developed countries. In 1989 at the inception of the project, DuPont executives were pressing research units to find new products with commercial applications. One of these research units had-developed a new â€Å"melt-spun† elastomeric material and was seeking commercial applications through the Success Group, its business development unit. The initial target application was as a substitute for the tapes then used on disposable baby diapers, which at that time used more expensive DuPont Lycra for that purpose.Rather than lose that business, however, the division dropped the price of Lycra. The project had reached its first dead end. A senior research associate of the Success Group, Ray Tietz, had noted the degradable characteristics of this new material. â€Å"One of the problems they had with the fibers we made with this material was that it would disintegrate if you boiled it in water. This was because of the sulphonate in it. I knew that if I made a poly ester with this stuff in it, it would probably hydrolyze quickly. Iit might even be biodegradable. John Moore, the head of the Success Group, was a high energy â€Å"promoter,† as one colleague described him. He was determined to find a customer for whom degradability would be an important benefit-hopefully, a big one. A logical target was Procter & Gamble, a major vendor of disposable diapers. Procter & Gamble first introduced the disposable diaper in 1961 and by 1989 had built it into a huge business. Its success, however, coincided with a period of growing environmental This case was prepared by Mark Rice, Gina O’Connor, Richard Leifer, Christopher McDermott, Lois Peters, and Robert Veryzer, Jr. f the Lally School of Management and Technology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY as a basis for class discussion, and is not designed to present illustrations of either correct or incorrect handling of management problems. All rights reserved  © 2000. To order c opies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 1-518-276-6842 or write Dr. Gina Colarelli O’Connor, Lally School of Management & Technology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY 12180.No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the permission of the Lally School of Management & Technology. 1 DuPont’s Biomax ® awareness, and it didn't take long before the millions of used diapers sold by P and it imitators were attracting the attention of activists and regulators. By the 1980s, a growing number of voices were talking about either banning or significantly restricting the use of this class of products.Sensing the public mood and nervous about possible regulations, P was more than willing to listen to Moore's pitch about the new de- gradable material. It even rev ealed its interest in the development of an entirely new material, one that was both degradable, and that didn't have the â€Å"crinkly† feel of plastic or the â€Å"rustling† sound of paper. The diaper that P's people envisioned would be a laminate with a cloth-like feel on the inside and a waterproof film on the outside, and they encouraged DuPont to work on a prototype. Sensing a huge potential market, Moore's people were quick to oblige P. We spent a lot of research effort trying to make a degradable polymer that would be tough enough for the job,† Teitz later recalled. Months of effort produced a new laminated material that Teitz and others in the Success group thought would meet P&G's needs. Time and events, however, combined to work against them. Sensing that political pressure for restrictive regulation was on the wane, and that cost-conscious customers would not pay a premium for biodegradable materials, Procter & Gamble discontinued interest in the mate rial under development by Moore's development unit.From Degradable to Biodegradable The Success Group was now at a dead end. Furthermore, the standards for environmental acceptability were changing, becoming more stringent. Being degradable (i. e. , a substance that would disintegrate) had become passe; the new standard was biodegradability. Further, anything that passed itself off as biodegradable had to disappear in a reasonably short period of time. As of 1991, two years into the project, no one knew for sure whether DuPont's new material would qualify as biodegradable.Given these new conditions, senior management was concerned about John Moore's ability to command the respect of the technical community and decided to assign a new project manager, Ron Rollins. Credibility on the issue of biodegradability would be necessary for market acceptance. Obviously, no one would make a commitment to the new material until DuPont had firm data on its snack food appeal to microbes and on the rate at which it would disappear. Some suspected that the big opportunity with P&G had been missed because of the absence of solid test data.To test the material, which by this time had been registered as Biomax ®, and to assure the credibility of it data, the project recruited a highly respected company scientist on a parttime basis. Henn Kilkson was a DuPont Fellow with experience in biodegradation. His job was to design and implement a system for evaluating the biodegradation of the new material. The choice of Kilkson for this job was deliberate; he was, in fact, DuPont's representative to both an international committee and one formed by the American Society of Testing and Materials to set standards for biodegrabability.Before long, Kilkson's researchers were busily making and composting prototype diapers that incorporated the newly developed laminated material. Using a sludge composting facility in Fair- field, Connecticut as a test bed, researchers tossed the 2 DuPontâ€⠄¢s Biomax ® prototypes into the unsavory mess, and at the end of the composting cycle raked through the remains to observe the number and size of the remaining materials. This exercise determined the rate of disintegration, but never answered the question of biodegradability.Meanwhile, Kilkson found a European company that was actively involved in compost testing. A number of trials with Biomax ® samples were conducted; all indicated a favorable rate of biodegradation. However, Kilkson was not satisfied with the validity of these tests. Researchers also struck up a relationship with the city of Charlotte, North Carolina, which had a program for bagging and composing grass, leaves, and other yard wastes. The Charlotte facility used lots of manpower to empty bags of waste into a huge grinder and then transfer the ground waste to a composting pile.If employees could simply toss these bags into the grinder without having to cut them open and dispose of them separately, program mana gers reasoned that they could save substantially on labor costs. Of course, the ground up remnants of these bags would have to disappear — and quickly. The DuPont people gave the Charlotte facility a supply of net bags made from Biomax ® and enlisted their collaboration in testing biodegradable characteristics. Ideally, all remnants of these bags would be undetectable in less than a year.The bags themselves were made at a DuPont plant in Canada using a process introduced by a research associate in an- other laboratory. Employees in that tab were, like Rollins' people, also searching feverishly for commercially attractive projects that the operating units of the company would support. Results at the Charlotte facility were positive. Not only did the bags decompose quickly, but they degraded biologically as well. The Charlotte experiment gave the Biomax team something to cheer about. The bag-making plant in Canada was also elated; it too was looking for a big market to serve. Things were at last looking up. But real customers willing to write out real purchase orders were still illusory. Meanwhile, Down in the Banana Groves †¦ By 1992, the Ron Rollins' Success group had been disbanded and Biomax ® seemed destined to sit on the shelf—-one of many good ideas developed by DuPont scientists for which no market application could be found. Before this happened, however, the material caught the eye of Terry Fadem, head of the Corporate Development Group. Fadem thought that Biomax ® was worth another try.Even though a real customer had not signed on, the new polymer had two important features: first, no major capital investment would be needed to produce it in commercial quantities; and second, the potential market for a biodegradable alternative to the mountains of synthetic materials piling up in the industrialized world was huge-at least in the abstract. European consumer products companies, Fadem knew, were facing much stricter environmental controls than were their North American counterparts. The â€Å"Greens† were an active political force, particularly in Germany. Perhaps he could get some commitment from a European customer.According to Fadem, â€Å"I was of the opinion that if that didn't work, or if we didn't get some break in the market that was big enough, that we should either put the technology on the shelf or sell it off † So Fadem provided funds to support a small team of people working part time to keep the project alive As luck would have it, a break in favor of 3 DuPont’s Biomax ® Biomax ® appeared, but from a source that neither Fadem nor anyone else would have anticipated: the banana plantations of Costa Rica. Steve Gleich was a senior technical researcher working the DuPont's Research Division for Agricultural Products.A chemical engineer by training, Gleich was experimenting with different packaging systems for controlling the delivery of pesticides. One was by means of a wat er soluble â€Å"bio-disappearing† film, as he later described it. The pesticide was distributed evenly through the film; when the film became wet it disappeared into the soil, leaving the chemical behind. Thus, farm workers could lay lengths of the chemical-laden material over a row of strawberries, for example, and the first watering or rain would lay down a perfectly even and prescribed dose exactly where it was needed. Gleich was aware of the Biomax ® project.He was also familiar with work on biodegradables being conducted by a joint venture company owned by ConAgra and DuPont. One day, another packaging engineer told Gleich, â€Å"If you solve the banana bag problem down in Costa Rica, you'll be a big hero. † Banana bag problem? Gleich had no idea what he meant. So the engineer pulled a low-density polyethylene bag from his drawer. â€Å"They use millions of pounds of this stuff in the banana plantations,† he said. â€Å"They put a bag over every banana bunch. Some are impregnated with pesticides, but most are simply used as little hot-houses to ripen the fruit and protect it from bruises. This bit of information flipped on a switch in Gleich's mind. Millions of pounds of nondegradable polyethylene translated into two things: big revenues for the vendor and a massive waste disposal problem for growers. If a bag material could be designed to disintegrate and biodegrade at the right time, growers could eliminate major labor and waste handling costs. Working with contacts in Fadem's development unit, Gleich arranged to have 50 bags made from Biomax ® and sent down to a sales agent working with Delmonte's banana operation in Costa Rica.These bags were used to cover the fruit in the normal way and were observed over a 3-4 month period. As the bananas were harvested, the bags, now brittle, began to break apart into small strips and fall to the ground, where they could easily be raked up and composted. These first bags, however, turned brittle too soon in the cycle of fruit production, causing some bruising. So the enterprising researcher asked for another batch of bags — slightly heavier and formulated to come apart more readily.This second batch worked much better and Delmonte and its competitors, Dole and Chiquita, were soon expressing interest. They also wanted to explore applications for melons, strawberries, and other fruit. Ironically because of an internal squabble between the field manager and his counterpart at the head office, the field manager refused to install the redesigned banana bags and this application reached a dead-end. About this time Steve Gleich was assigned new duties within his business unit and his involvement in the Biomax ® project waned.The little band of part timers continued seeking applications. Some new potential agricultural applications emerged, but the project was going nowhere fast. Finally, Fadem convinced senior management to provide substantial corporate funding fo r a high profile advertising campaign soliciting inquiries. Approximately thirty serious responses were received. 4 DuPont’s Biomax ® They were deemed sufficiently promising that in 1996 Biomax ® was transferred out of development and into DuPont's polyester resins and intermediates business unit.When Fadem's team contacted the business unit manager to initiate the handoff, the manger asked where the prototype materials had been manufactured. She was surprised when Fadem told her that the prototype production had been done in her manufacturing facilities. Additional applications development work was required before significant production could be undertaken, and hence, even after the transfer, Terry Fadem's team remained involved. A product manager in the business unit was assigned the task of completing the technical and market development for Biomax ®.Unfortunately for the project, he had only just begun the effort when he was promoted. The project was at a standstill for almost a year until a new product manager was assigned and brought up to speed. The second product manager forced his team to assess the thirty plus leads that had been generated by the advertising campaign and to select four on which to focus. As of mid 2000, development of the product and the search for commercial applications continued. The new product manager was convinced that the first significant revenues were just around the corner. 5

Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company

Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company We are glad to receive your request for information. Our company works in the field of consulting for more than ten years. Over this period we have already gained trust of a large number of clients. This company specializes in the following areas: technology implementation, change management, strategy development, operational improvement, technology implementation, and employee training.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More We have already assisted several companies that underwent mergers and acquisitions. Moreover, we have already worker with those organizations which needed to prepare, guide and assess the merging of networks. If you refer to them, they will tell you that our consulting firm gives the best price-quality ratio. Executive Management This diagram presents the services our company and its structured development. It shows how various departments of our company interact with one another. This are the services which we can offer to you. Our IT consultants, HR managers and financial accounts can assist you with implementation of this project. Our team of consultants can address various aspects of your network mergers. The IT experts will determine the IT needs of the two companies. They will make sure that the two networks perform to their full capacity. Their work will be based on continuous cooperation with your managers and administrators and they will take into account the opinion of different stakeholders. Moreover, our HR consultant will help your company to develop training for the personnel. These people have in-depth experience in this area and they will do their best help you with the network design.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Our consultants will evaluate various alterna tives what your company can choose from and provide you with information about the possible costs entailed by this project. They will help you with selection of equipment and software solutions. Their assistance will allow you to minimize the costs at no expense for the quality of network design. When the merger is completed, we will conduct follow-up assessment of the network design. We know that you as our prospective client value meticulous planning, attentiveness toward customer needs, integrity, and continuous improvement. Our consultants attach great importance to each of these things and you can expect them from us. There are several things that our consulting company can offer to you. One of them is complete confidentiality; we ensure that the information provided to us by our clients is never transferred to any third-parties. Secondly, our consulting company guarantees customization of our services; we never offer generic strategies to our clients. The recommendations, prov ided by our consultants are always based on in-depth research of the situation within the company, its managerial policies, organizational structure, or financial performance. Thirdly, accountability is another thing you can expect from us. Our consultants provide regular reports about their progress. In addition to that, out consulting firm ensures that customers are directly involved into decision-making. Our consultants always inform the clients about the options available to them and explain their advantages and disadvantages. By using the services of our consulting firm, you will ensure that your best interests are strongly upheld. Reference List Alred. G. Brusaw C. Oliu W. 2006 Handbook of technical writing. London: St. Martins Press. Oppenheimer P. (2004). Top-down network design. NY: Cisco Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Capabilities of Consulting Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Congressional Checks On Presidential Authority - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Congressional Checks On Presidential Authority - Smart Custom Writing Letter From The Future YouDear Mark the Past, The people around me and the fans have consistently asked me on how I have managed to be so successful in being an author. Today’s Mark is the celebrity of the day when it comes to writing. I am now very different from the Mark you were since I have managed to publish various books and series in the last twenty years. Lately, a fan, that is, our fan asked me the key reasons for our success. I have reflected on this for some time and I have found it vital to analyze success from the time I first wrote ‘The Phoenix Factor’. Well, for all that effort, it got very little attention both in the media and in the readers. That, however, did not serve to break my dreams as an author. After a deep self-assessment, I have identified various reasons that kept me going. When I wrote ‘The Phoenix Factor’, the legend in the fiction book, Long John Carraghan, was a character that I now feel was not clearly brought out. Back then, I felt that it was my best effort and that it would be a bestseller. It never did. That strong faith, the urge to better the unbreakable endurance and myself are just some of the key factors that kept me going. The Review, a Massachusetts journal, commented that I was emotionally detached not only from this leading character but also from other key figures. I decided that I had to fight rather than quit. I resolved to write on issues that I deeply cared about. That, I believe, as an author, was my first lesson in the world of writing. Lesson two was all about taking risks. The Mark Doughty known today is for his slightly larger than life characters in the fiction series ‘The Lighthouse’. It is funny how the idea all began. Old Mark, do you still remember it? Sue, this lady I have proclaimed my love for and spent my life with since the 70’s, and I, were exiting from the cinema where the Second Chance series was screening at the height of its fame. At that time, I had almost a non-existent fan-base. At the exit, a young high school kid with a girl at his elbow roughly pushed me aside. Instantly, my temper flared and I demanded an apology from the lad. Before the kid apologized, the girl was excitedly bubbling on how she loved The Phoenix and whether there would be a follow-up on it. I was dumb-founded and mumbled about expecting a lot more to come. Needless to say, I hurriedly left, Sue in hand. All night long, I thought about it and I could not help but think that I had to take a leap of faith a nd start on my new series. Well Mark, you know that was the onset of the success story. You took the risk and you in turn became me. I cannot ignore the fact that J.K. Rowling spent 5 years planning the entire Harry Potter series before putting pen on paper in order to write this famous series. Planning, Mark, was something you never ignored. You did not spend five years but rather three, but that was in the spirit of The Lighthouse. When you finally wrote it down, the ideas were so fluent and the image so clear that success was almost guaranteed. Planning was something you instilled in me and is a weapon that I have learnt to use in the upcoming series ‘The Love Nest’, a series I intend to finally turn into a movie. I do not plan to end the success story any time soon; you worked too hard for this old Mark: The long nights sketching and visualizing on the Series. There was minimal success to show for it at all and it almost broke our marriage. Planning, old Mark was the key. Those early sacrifices are what turned you into me. Finally, I cannot afford to ignore the virtues of hard work and persistence. My experiences have taught me as much. Key role models such as Joyce Carol Oates who said, â€Å"I would write, even when her soul felt as thin as a playing card† have taught me that determination and pure persistence have been vital in shaping me as a celebrity and a success legend. I have had my manuscripts rejected repeatedly, work that I wrote down in over a year, but I never said enough was enough until success came my way. Mark, we made it; let us live the dream! Yours sincerely,

Legalizing of Marijuana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legalizing of Marijuana - Essay Example This is in a quest to have a share of the war against drugs, which is counterproductive as people tend to go against the law. Decriminalizing marijuana improves the levels of safety in the society by having a reduced number of users, as is the case with over the counter drugs and cigarettes. This is evident since there are fewer cigarette smokers than there are non-smokers. This owes to the fact that smoking is considered a vice, and thus the reduced number falling into the habit. In addition, the use of drugs by black market dealers would be a thing of the past as they use drugs to perpetrate crimes. This is due to the street value attached to marijuana as an illegal drug, and its abundance to anyone who needs it. This way, it is considered fast moving merchandise for which many are willing to put their lives at risk as it is a valuable cash crop. Therefore, legalizing it removes the risk factor and rids mobsters of their criminal activities; moreover, the article states that the us e of legal marijuana blocks anger resulting in fewer incidents of crimes committed in anger, such as wife battering (Havelka). In light of the above issue, Havelka suggests that legalization could bring down the rates of domestic abuse and murder. This is in the last paragraph where he says that the country’s prisons would be less congested and people’s lives would not be ruined by possession of marijuana. Moreover, marijuana holds medicinal benefits to the society in ways that exceed the already available and legal drugs such as tobacco. This is because the toxicity of other drugs like cigarettes affects the health of an individual by causing lung cancer which, in turn, causes death. According the article, there are minimum effects in that there is no evidence of it ever, directly, causing death (Havelka). In addition, it is used to the advantage of the user in that it saves him or her from any kind of stress available, inducing a state of well-being and bringing abou t relaxation, which forms a basis for legalization. Governments stand to benefit from the legalization of marijuana by spending less in incarceration of users and those found in possession in marijuana related cases (Havelka). According to the article, legalization would come in handy by implementing regulations as to who buys and buyers’ age in the consumption of marijuana just as is the case with other drugs such as alcohol and tobacco. In this light, it would keep drug dealers off children and their antics of selling their merchandise to them. This means that members of the society stand to benefit from a legal business that is highly unsaturated and with few investors, governments could make up 6.2 million dollars annually. Havelka argues that the legalization of marijuana could be highly beneficial to the society by coming up with new means of using it other than as drug. This is by using it to make stronger paper for printing that is developed from hemp. He also goes on to argue that decriminalization of marijuana results in fewer marijuana use penalties as compared to its illegalization. Legalization of marijuana is a step towards a dark past where the health of the nation was at risk. This is because the war against drugs, collectively, has had a positive impact on the good health of the population and the social policy. Legalization of marijuana cuts back on the benefits in regard to regulation as availability of marijuana, both legal and illegal one, is

Human Resource, HSBC Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resource, HSBC - Assignment Example HSBC stands for ‘Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation,’ and the history of HSBC banks in UK can be traced back to â€Å"17th century† (HSBC- Its History in Wales 2013: 1). The first HSBC bank started its operation in Wales, and at the initial stage they had an association with North Wales bank. They called it a period of opportunities, as much progress took place during this period, such as construction of roads and canals etc. Eventually further changes have been made in the functions and structure of the banking style. HSBC banks have a good relation with peole all over the world, and especially British people. Principles of Human Resources and HSBC Bank: In all its endeavors, it is the objective of HSBC North America Holdings Inc. and all of its subsidiaries (jointly referred to here as the "Corporation") to act fairly and honestly at all times. It is the strategy of the Corporation to comply with the spirit in addition to the letter of all applicable rule sand regulations in all that it does. Violations of this strategy and malfunctions to report known violations will subject the worker to disciplinary procedures, which may comprise termination of employment. Additionally, workers who should have, through the exercise of reasonable diligence, discovered breach of this strategy, but who fail to do so, may be subject to discipline, consisting of termination of employment. Each worker of the Corporation is expected to do the same. In dealing with workers, suppliers and customers, the Corporation makes decisions without regard to religion, origin, race, color, veteran's status, national origin, nationality, sexual orientation, marital status, sex, gender identity, age or disability that can be reasonably accommodated. â€Å"All employees are responsible for ensuring that the working environment is free of any form of harassment, discrimination or inappropriate behavior† (HSBC Finance- Statement of Business Principles and Code of E thics 2013: 1). HSBC Bank and their Financial Stability: The European Financial Stability Facility was incorporated in Luxembourg under the Luxembourg law in the year 2010, on June 7th. Its aim is to protect financial constancy of Europe’s Financial and Fiscal Union by offering temporary monetary help to Euro area affiliate (member) states in complexity. With the intention of reaching its aim, the European Financial Stability Facility can, under the protection of the German Debt organization agency, issue bonds or other liability apparatus on the marketplace to lift the funds desired to offer loans to states that would put forward a request. Questions are backed by assurances specified by Euro region affiliate States of up to â‚ ¬ 440 billion. â€Å"For, HSBC, significant decisions regarding capital allocation and external capital rising are undertaken at a holding company level† (Flint 2011: 2) European Financial Stability Facility is a component of wider security net. Bank competition and monetary constancy have been a rising issue in the United Kingdom among continuing concerns on the subject of extreme marketplace share in key goods as well as authorities' wish to stop a repeat of bail-outs of the bank at the taxpayer's expenditure. The banking society remains dedicated to sustaining the twin intent of guaranteeing fiscal constancy and supporting financial recovery, and is dedicated to

Smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Smoking - Essay Example This article and all the insights presented in the text play an important role in explaining trends in smoking both within and outside the U.A.E region. The article observes the developments and transformations that have been triggered by Midwakh, an Arabic traditional pipe. These developments encompass cigars and shisha. The consideration of smoking patterns, trends, and practices from elsewhere around the globe makes this text credible for research purposes. It compares smoking in the U.A.E with the rest of the world. Finally, the information presented in the article is relevant to the final paper topic of discussion. The essence of research in the final paper is to capture significant aspects that shed light on smoking practices in the U.A.E. this text captures both men and women, and further highlights demographic factors that enhance the completeness of the final paper. In this respect, the ultimate plan is to use this article to understand the dynamics of smoking within and across the U.A.E. Al-Houqani Mohammed, Raghib Ali, and Cother Hajat. â€Å"Tobacco Smoking Using Midwakh Is an Emerging Health Problem-Evidence from a Large Cross-Sectional Survey in the United Arab Emirates.† PLOS One, 7.6.

MCB Bank Pakistan: SWOT and PEST Analysis

MCB Bank Pakistan: SWOT and PEST Analysis Jump to: SWOT Analysis of MCB | PEST Analysis of MCB | Porters Five Analysis of MCB | Ecological Factors Affecting MCB This report analyses the largest bank of Pakistan, MCB. MCB was founded over 50 years ago in Pakistan, it has got a network of over 1026 branches, 750 are automated branches and 300 MCB ATMS in 41 cities of Pakistan. MCB has a network of over 12 banks on the MNET ATM switch. The aim of MCB is to rationalize expenses, realignment of back and processing to increase productivity, enhancement of customer services, increase efficiency and control. MCB is the only bank of Pakistan which introduced the innovative concept of centralizing Trade Services in Pakistan by providing centralized foreign trade services to its branches with view to improve efficiency, expertise and reduce delivery cost. MCB is the only bank who has been able to receive The Euro Money Award for the fourth time in the last 5 years. Since 2001 to 2005 MCB has won the best bank in Pakistan and in 2000 the best domestic bank in Pakistan awards. All though MCB also has distinction in winning The Asia money award in 2004 an d 2005. It has been 10 years that MCB has been privatized. MCB core businesses are corporate, commercial and consumer banking. In year 2005 MCB was the only bank of Pakistan to become the preferred provider of quality financial services. Financial services in the country with profitability and responsibility. In the year 2005 MCB was the best employers in Pakistan to employee graduates. According to the results, MCB witnessed resilient operating performance in the first quarter of 2009 with healthy growth in balance sheet and key profitability indicators. Total assets of the bank swelled to Rs 456b with an increase of 3pc over Rs 444b as at December 2008 and increased by 15pc over Rs. 397b in March 2008. Deposits showed an increase of Rs. 8b over December 2008 and closed at Rs 338b i.e. a growth of 2pc over Dec 2008. In 2007, MCB reported a profit after tax of PKR16.4 billion (US$270 million) and generated a return on average equity of 38% and a net interest margin of 8.08%. The Banks asset quality is strong with a gross NPL ratio of 4.7% and provision coverage of 100%. At the end of year 2006 MCB Bank announced it Net Income Rs. 12,541M (US$ 206M) which was an increase of 36.1% over 2005. Net Interest Income was Rs. 21276M(US$ 349M) for the year 2006, which was a healthy increase of 42% over the same period last year, with the pre provision operating profit at Rs.20, 113M( US$ 330M), a 39% increase over last year. However, the year 2007-08 has been very tough years for Pakistans economy. It is due to different factors such as political and economic events took place within Pakistan. The above explained events such as disturbed political conditions, an unstable law and order situation; supply shocks; soaring oil, food and other commodity; prices; softening of external demand; and turmoil in the international financial market. SWOT Analysis of MCB Strengths MCB Bank has earned a reputation in the market for extending quality services to the market vis-Ã  -vis its competitors. It has earned a strong Brand name in banking in a very short span of time. As customer confidence in MCB escort it towards achieving their goals and objectives. It has the premier number of linked branches in the country. The bank operates through a network of 1026 BRANCHES and over 300 ATMs across Pakistan, hence enabling them to serve customer in superior way. MCB Bank has all the products under its belt, which help it to extend the relationship with existing customer. MCB Bank has umbrella of products to offer their customers, if once customer has relationship with the bank. Some Products, which MCB Banks offering are Retail Banking, Business Banking, Merchant Establishment Services (EDC Machine), Personal loans Car loans, Demit Services with E-Broking, Mutual Fund (MCB Banks the Distributor of all Mutual Fund), Insurance and Housing Loans. MCB is having an ed ge over other banks in case of Salary Accounts. Most of the companies are having their Salary Account with MCB even if their Current Account is with any other Bank. This is mainly because of the huge network of ATMs and branches of MCB. MCB is only Bank which is having its working hours from 8 to 8 for some branches which is one of the major strength of MCB Bank with respect to nationwide business Industry. MCB Banks known for its aggressive marketing of its products. Recent Endorsement of its product by famous celebrities and superior advertisement to attract more customers. From its inception, MCB Bank has adopted a policy of selecting internationally proven and specialized Packaged Systems for its technology. MCB banks technology platform has been acknowledged globally as one of the best in terms of robustness, flexibility and cost efficiency. MCB Banks in a position to leverage this platform to further build cost and service advantage. MCB has a strong management team and have a very impressive cash flow with an excellent financial performance. As MCB was awarded 1st Asian bank providing good return on saving and current account to its customers. Weaknesses The bank targets only the top grade of clients and does not cater to the needs of small customers. Due to this reason the bank may sometimes loose good clients. As well they have to concentrate on their online banking to attract more customers as their online banking service has a weak image in front of customers. MCB Bank has a defensive approach in lending. Mainly to IT ITES companies Bank do not provide loan as these companies are not having collaterals so bank hesitate in giving loans to them. Because of this policy companies prefer nationalized banks and MCB Banking turn sometimes loose potential customers. MCB Banks having little presence Outside Pakistan, because of which companies prefer MNC Bank, mainly united bank limited (UBL). So if MCB Bank tries to emerge outside Pakistan then it has a huge potential of customers. MCB aggressive marketing has rapidly increasing its customer base. They are not however, increasing the number of employees accordingly. This is leading to c orrosion of the standard of customer service. Opportunities MCB can improve insurance services to compete in market. MCB insurance premium is high and return on claim is less in percentage. As other insurance companies are convincing their customers to buy insurance policies. It has been noticed that MCB has not been recruiting properly and their business need experts in various tax policies and service of bank. MCB has associated itself with various social causes such as helping poor people for food and medical treatment on low charges. MCB can improve their customer service as there is always a room to add innovative techniques and polices which could lead to additional proficiency of the institution. MCB recently introduces Mobile banking service, but most of the customers are unaware of the service and MCB could work on adverting it to give benefits of it to their clients. Threats MCB is having sturdy competition in market with its competitors as some of them having their branches nationwide and internationally as well. MCB is ready to provide all kind of services to their clients online but they have to make it confidential that the data is being protected and secure and cannot be leaked to third party. Branch managers are allowed to take decisions on their own in regard to their branch but decisions made by individuals will be different and a single wrong decision could escort towards intense losses to the institution. MCB has been facing trouble in providing good service to uneducated customers to use electronic and computerized machines. PEST Analysis of MCB The analysis of MCB will take in to account the general environment analysis, the competitors analysis by comparing the products offered by the competitive banks and the departmental analysis. The general environment of takes in to account the external factors like politics, economy of Pakistan, socio-cultural factors and technology. Now we will analyze these factors one by one and check how these affect the working of MCB: Political The current situation of the government in Pakistan is directly affecting the policies of banks. However, MCB tries hard to keep its business away from the politics but it is not an easy task. MCB has no accounts of political leaders or parties. However, its Customer Service Department faces peer pressure from such political parties. As MCB is trapped in dual sanctions from the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and from the European Union so the changing political environment is not so beneficial for the bank to operate freely. The changing policies of the government, affects SBP which in return affects the MCB rules and policies. The government of Pakistan has privatized most of the banks. The number of government owned banks have declined constantly, so these changes directly affect MCB. Economical The economy of any country has deep impact on any financial organization. Economic indicators include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation, balance of payment, debt of the government. These below graphs will explain how economic conditions of Pakistan are adversely affecting the banking system of Pakistan. The pitiable economy of Pakistan and instable government is adversely affecting MCB and its different departments; recently MCB has redundant many of its employees. The economy of our Pakistan is very poor. Due to poor economy businesses are showing low profits and Pakistan stock market is in great danger. Pakistans foreign debts are rising day by day, so such a situation is a huge challenge for MCB to survive. Due to financial crisis in Pakistan the management of MCB has to face stressful situations and also working environment. At present the MCB is not extending loans but recovering the existing ones. Social MCB has been influenced by the socio-cultural factors. At present most of the European countries are keeping their eyes on Pakistan as being the terrorist country, so people of Pakistan are emotionally getting affected by it. Most of the foreign investments have been stopped in Pakistan. Pakistani people are traditionalists who do not like the modern banking environment of MCB. Some of the customers do not use ATMs they still prefer cash counters, so these kinds of socio-cultural factors affect the banking environment and its operations. Technological Technology has a deep influence on different kinds of organizations whether banks or any kind social welfare organizations. In MCB technology has great effect on the working environment. Mostly all banks use computers none of the banks keep data manually so the bank has to be continuously in touch with the modern ways of task performance. MCB is always ahead to introduce new computer systems for keeping its staff up to date. The intranet facility is playing an important role in enhancing the knowledge of staff. Due to technology that bank staff keeps in touch with the customers through e mail; ATMs and online banking is only possible due to technology. In this way technology is playing its key role in and is helping management to further improve its functions. Conclusion: Overall we can say that MCB is influenced by the economic position of Pakistan, which has stopped it from extending loans to the customers. After that the policies of MCB are also affecting its performance and free functioning. Social and technological issues are of secondary importance but they also cannot be neglected. MCB is focusing positively regarding technological issues but it should also keep its eye on the social cultural factors also. Porters Five Forces Analysis of MCB For further analysis of MCB environment, Porters Five Forces Analysis is also applied on the bank. This analysis takes in to consideration the following factors: Substitutes Substitution of one product with another one increases the competition within an industry. However, the perfect substitutes of banks are not available in the market at present, but people still have choices of saving or investing their money. The people can save their money in their own houses or they can deposit their money in the National Saving Centers (Banking Intermediaries) which give protection to their assets. Aside from saving one can invest money in stock market in form of shares / bonds or in real estate. These kinds of substitutes increase the competition in the banking sector. Competition There is tough competition between different banks. There is a huge variety of public and private banks already exist in the market, offering products on competitive prices. If we look at banking products (loans, savings and current accounts) then Alfalah Bank, Meezan Bank, Habib Bank and many others are offering wide range of products in this sector. The tough competition between these banks increases the challenge which the MCB have to face. The competition among various banks increases the switching of the customers form one banks product to the other bank. Threat of new entrants The banking sector of any country has always potential of growth and competition. Mostly foreign banks step in the developing countries for expanding their branches, not only this mergers between foreign and local banks take place at large scale but Pakistans present economic condition and government instability has arose the feelings of awe and terror among most of the foreign banks to enter in the market. In future due to uncertainty and security problems in Pakistan investors will not be willing to invest here. Due to overall financial problems in the whole world new banks will not be entering in to the banking industry. Power of buyer Bargaining power of buyer is low where the products substitutes are not available and customers are large in number. In case of banks there are lots of other banks and banking intermediaries, having wide range of products, so power of buyer in banking sector is high. The bank cannot force any customer to buy the desired product because this directly affects its reputation. However, the bank can convince its customers by giving them special discount or rewards. If we look at MCB we will find that the competitors are also offering products due to which customer feel in power by saying that they can go to some other bank in case of dissatisfaction. Bargaining power of suppliers The lending power of bank is enhanced by its depositors as they are suppliers of the bank. It allows bank to involve in other business activities to invest such as personal and business loans. The suppliers then get interest on their amount as profit earned by the bank. Banks need to concentrate on their policies as bargaining power of suppliers is very high and they move towards highest interest rates. Conclusion According to Porters Five Forces analysis we can say that MCB has no fear of new entrants due to the poor economic position of Pakistan. However, it should keep its eyes open regarding mergers of various banks. There are two big threats; firstly from the buyers who can go to the other banks and secondly form the substitutes like investment in stock market, so MCB should carefully examine its task environment. The Ecological Responsibilities of Muslim Commercial Bank (MCB) 3 different parts are mentioned in this section: How ecological factors affecting decision making and policy at MCB How effective the action taken towards ecological environment been so far (reducing waste, reducing carbon emission, reducing energy bills, reducing airtravel, investing in sustainable project) how these have gone up and have benefited the company. What other areas of improvement that you think they should be doing to improve response of ecological factorsthink about what other banks internationally have done and suggest something to MCB. The public responsibilities of corporations, according to Harvard management ( year ), are to grow and prosper thereby providing customer satisfaction, employment, taxes, and contributions to the economyand to control their hazards. According to Milton Friedman, the only social responsibility of a corporation is to make money, by striving after profit as an efficient agent of production, although he admits that the corporation should conform to the rules and norms of society. Corporate responsibility is more composite than a simple, linear cost/benefit analysis. Using the metaphor of corporation as organism, it is possible to outline a new set of responsibilities for corporations and a series of behaviors that human individuals and communities can practice to integrate corporate behavior into the communities. With an ecological model, the ecological responsibilities of corporations, to themselves, to nature, and to human communities, are described. At MCB profit making is an obligatory part of business, but not the sole reason for business. There for MCB ensures that it serves public goods as well as private interests. This is analogous to Ruth Benedicts original anthropological meaning of synergy as applied to individuals. In secure, nonaggressive societies, an individual serves his own advantage as well as that of the group with the same act. Institution ensures mutual advantage; the acts are mutually reinforcing. Economic recession may bring a re-examination of values, not only by individuals who have less material wealth, but by corporations that have emphasized growth. The public may insist that corporations consider social performance as well as strictly economic performance. The single economic purpose may only be the focus in a social environment.MCB is highly concerned about economic actions, such as where to build, who to relocate, hire, or dismiss, may be subjected to greater public scrutiny. Business cannot assert a primary self-interest at a cost to the public or environment. Corporations need to keep track of their environmental impacts. Many of the problems that corporations face are connected to the problems of the environment and society. Corporations need to work cooperatively to make sure the costs and benefits are extended equally throughout the system. They could start by sponsoring the rational use of rare resources through taxation, and by influencing the government to determine priorities for wilderness areas or special landscapes; beautiful, fragile, unique, or endangered ecosystems and species must be protected at the expense of commercial activity. With regards to ecological factors Muslim Commercial Bank have had considerable focus on the ecological diversities in the market some of the existing factors in addition to the future polices and practice have been discussed as under; The bank created a department with ecological authority to envision long-range plans and impacts. They have realized that they need to react more quickly to monitor their ecological and social environments for the emerging patterns that determine their future. They need to anticipate and participate in the social and natural framework. A new department, with global, anticipatory functions could provide direction and continuity. Such a department could be justified in the same manner as military forces. Military expenditure is a non-productive cost; its benefits are general and long-range, that is, it must discourage war in the next decade as well as in this one. Its scope of advice would include educational services as well as advertising, capital acquisitions as well as new products, and plant engineering as well as security. Plan all foreseeable consequences of a product. Advanced technology permits the power to change to overwhelm the ability to foresee the consequences of change. Avoiding the opposite actions of intentions (recognized by the Greeks as the operation of tragedy) is extremely difficult. Good intentions are not enough: Labor-saving devices may contribute to unemployment and social problems; foreign aid may result in starvation for more millions as local agriculture cannot compete; and the environmental management of some species for sustainable yield causes the population to collapse. The bank is determined to optimum corporate size and maintains it. As they perceive that after a point, growth results in inefficiency and non adaptability. Development, on the other hand, can continue for hundreds or thousands of years. A smaller size could mean more flexibility and faster response to local conditions. Recognize material limits. The global economy is probably too large already to be supported by the natural systems of the planet. Find an upper limit to the economy of scale. Accept limits to growth based on materials and on non-renewable or dangerous sources of energy. This should not limit development based on advancing technology and knowledge. Another factor which the bank could focus on is to adjust corporate strategies to changing values. Smaller social and cultural groups have different and diverging values, so corporations are going to have to adjust to a diversity of values instead of to a monolithic standard. The structure of power is disintegrating, with information replacing things as wealth. The knowledge-driven economy is more decentralized and customized. This moves us towards customization of production and away from mass production. Change the shape of the corporation to a framework coordinating separate divisions sharing information. Each division could react much more quickly to market conditions. MCB works to delineate a new information model of production in which the stages of a process (capital, materials, workers, design, advertising, selling) are simultaneous and synthesized. The conception of the product is extended from design (even customer contributions and design of working conditions) to aftercare, including ecologically safe retirement and disposal. The notions of efficiency and productivity are changing. Innovation and computer technology shortens product life cycles. Production diversity is increasing. Convert the information model to an understanding model. Information is just data without appropriate structure. Provide a structure and material base for understanding through communication, education, and training. Furthermore MCB promotes the principle of least effort, allowing the company to consume less, recycle, use longer, and avoid waste. Corporations could develop renewable energy sources. Conduct a complete series of audits, including an energy audit for every building. Reduce office costs through energy conservation planning. Use renewable energy sources. Energy and materials can be used and reused, flowing through the system. Cars are ecologically unacceptable forms of transport, yet companies intrinsically recognize them with large, free parking lots. Discourage commuting; encourage telecommuting or even alternate forms of transportation (bicycling, buses, and trains). Minimize wastes, for instance, by using permanent packaging (milk bottles and cola bottles can be reused forty or more times). Conduct a complete series of audits, including an environmental audit to determine negative impacts, from acid wastes or product disposal, and a problem audit, to include inherited problems. Produce a comprehensive annual impact statement. MCB ensures to maintain the health of natural communities, because environmental health is the basis for community health, and community health is the basis for economic health and worker health. The quality of life depends on the quality of the environment. If the environment is degraded to raise the quality of life, the effect is very limited and can never be self-sustaining. Fitting economic costs and needs to the limits of ecosystems and monitoring the economic process would reduce wastes and pressures on natural processes. The coupling of agricultural productivity to a solar budget, and the conscious restoration of degraded systems, would contribute to the health of ecosystems. The financial institution believes that sufficient wilderness would allow the self-maintenance of global cycles. With the increase in security, wealth, and self-esteem, human populations could be dependent on ecosystem productivities and still be diverse and unique. What made us human was that, in additio n to human social groups, we lived in communities with other species. We learned spontaneously from other animals and enjoyed their company. We are poor and malcontent without them. The management of the bank tends to be accountable for ecological impacts. They believe that the bank should be held more accountable for their technological impact. New technology is more closely regulated. They comprehend this by favoring open appraisal of new technologies. By studying the potential consequences, physical, social, and ecological, as far as possible into the future, of its innovations in information technology, they can gain credibility. Otherwise, it can wait and be forced by public and governmental pressure. Integrate loops and material flows; internalize cycles. The bank tends to avoid interference with natural processes. Technological processes have been brought into balance with the cycles of the earth. They must not damage or degrade natural cycles. Avoid unnecessary harm. It may be appropriate to use trees or to compete with black bears for tree use, but it is never wise to destroy the ecosystem of trees and bears. Laws on pollution and noxious wastes have been notoriously lax and sometimes wrong-headed. Minimal acceptable tolerances are legal, yet people often prefer zero amounts of many substances. Minimal compliance with them is virtuous for many companies, but it would be better to lead to higher standards. Work toward setting zero-level goals. Do not dump exotic or dangerous wastes. Do not discharge quantities of safe wastes. The Corporation maintains building and plants in thousands of locations, each requiring support. Convert to ecological grounds practices. Forgo economic development of key ecosystems, which should not be available for human use. Consider adjusting the economic pace to natural rates; do not cut trees, for instance, faster than they grow. Consider minimizing use of ecosystem productivity to the net ecosystem productivity, rather than the gross productivity, especially as regards fisheries. Another influential feature of MCB is to promote ecological design; the institution is becoming a more responsible member of the community. Thus it would encourage an ecological approach to systems and processes in the whole environment, where the product, with its plant, engineers, and advertisers, is a link in a long biomorphic chain stretching from knives to surgical microchip memory implants. Ecological design has important characteristics for responsible technology: The products are designed by interdisciplinary teams considering all parameters and consequences; ecological sciences offer creative insights into design through a search for underlying organic principles; the product must be related to the particular environment, the tool is a link between human and environment. It is hard to protect communities when the way most business is done tends to disrupt community life. Because of its size, power, and intention (often just for profit), the corporation should take higher risks not lower than the surrounding communities. This will ensure the safety of products and wastes. The work place is not just collection of individuals. It is a number of groups. Group interaction can change attitudes. A working community can build mutual responsibility. Show proper behavior; learn community etiquette. The bank can design the corporate structure and size for the community. Limit unnecessary movement or disruption. Plan the shape, size, and products of the corporation to fit the local community. Encourage self-reliance in communities. Communities can be self-reliant: By producing enough food and shelter; by limiting their population to what can be produced; by using local products and raw materials (soil, minerals, plants); by using general and not specialized machines; by having multipurpose factories; by networking with other communities, and; by doing without things that are not needed, e.g., bombs, food additives, or plastic bottles. Muslim commercial bank is an ecological corporation and could use corporate buying power to promote acceptable technologies and discourage unacceptable practices. Deal less with nuclear weapons contractors and more with solar energy companies. Deal less with one-shot paper companies and more with recycling paper companies. Boycott paper companies involved in Rainforest destruction or old-growth forest destruction. Avoid banks that invest in anything that brings a high return, from third-world debt to Amazonian destruction and South African discrimination. Favor peace-oriented companies as business partners. And, refuse to participate in work that is socially destructive. Economic development and social progress are necessary for the welfare of humanity, but must be conducted with environmental knowledge. The goal of economics and politics is to provide suitable and comfortable human habitations and meaningful activities. Human settlements must be planned and constructed within environmental constraints and according to ecological priorities. Work to preserve the structure of the natural and social communities. Corporations can encourage decentralization and restore schools, clinics, and shops to local communities. Offer cooperative control with the community. Change the pattern of ownership to reflect employee and community participation. The bank is promoting ecological education. Encouraging cultural traditions; refusing to let social and spiritual needs be subverted by economic ends. Helping to lead the young into their adult responsibilities through training and participation, such as with apprenticeship programs. They could also educate people in appropriate ways to achieve wealth and well-being. Teach appreciation of the services rendered by nature through flows and cycling. Point out the unexpectedness of the consequences of even simple corporate interventions and innovations, e.g., positive feedback, biological concentration of poisons, and synergetic effects of simple new chemicals like CFCs. Trace the complex and reciprocal relations of soil, climate, vegetation, and human activity. Emphasize that a fixed set of ecological parameters in an ecosystem cannot be maintained in a sustainable way, because the system is dynamic and changing. Put computers in proper perspective. Children do not need computers to dev elop the powers of thought, but they do need an ecological curriculum where animals display greater powers of mind than computers or machines. The important technological advantages of a computer, word-processing, database searches, complex connections, and rapid computation, are not really needed before high school, unlike myths, languages, and physical activities. Encourage people to take responsibility for all of their actions, from reproduction to consumption and politics. The responsibility for the welfare of the citizens belongs in the community, as does education, safety, and the whole infrastructure. Corporate management is responsible for developing programs to set goals, modify structures, and introduce criteria to measure progress. The Board of Directors is responsible, as the architects of responsibility and stewards of the human and material resources; the government is responsible, in its legislative, judicial, and regulatory functions.